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| Putida-T6SS secreted effectors |
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tke1 (T6SS effector Tke1, Ntox46-superfamily toxin). tke10 (putative T6SS effector). tke2 (T6SS Rhs-type effector Tke2). ... |
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| T2SS |
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Although the T2SS machinery is conserved across Acinetobacter spp., the effector repertoire is diverse and varies from strain to strain. Secretion of type II effectors, CpaA and LipA, require specific membrane-associated chaperones, CpaB and LipB. ... |
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| T6SS |
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T6SS delivers protein effectors into host cells or competing bacteria and exists as an important virulence system in A. baumannii. ... |
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| Exe T2SS |
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Essential for secretion of many virulence factors, such as aerolysin, proteases, haemolysin and DNase. ... |
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| T3SS |
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Similar to the Yersinia T3SS. A needle-like structure, often described as an "injectisome" that can inject effectors directly into the cytoplasm of target cells. Five effectors have been described: AexT, AexU, AopP, AopH and AopO. AexT and AexU are bifunctional toxins that contain a GTPase activating domain, allowing the interruption of host cell-signalling pathways and an ADP-ribosylating domain that can disrupt the host cytoskeleton, leading to the induction of apoptosis. AopP (NF-κB inhibitor), AopH (tyrosine phosphatase) and AopO (serine/threonine kinase), all are able to interrupt host cell signalling pathways and induce toxicity. ... |
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| T6SS |
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A phagetail-spike-like injectisome to translocate virulence determinants directly into the host cell cytoplasm. Four effectors of the T6SS have so far been characterized, Hcp1, Vgr1, Vgr2 and Vgr3. Hcp is a powerful effector substrate and once translocated into the targeted host cell cytoplasm, apoptosis ensues following caspase 3 activation. Hcp paralyzes macrophages to prevent phagocytosis. Vgr1 is an ADP-ribosylating toxin capable of interrupting the host cell cytoskeleton and inducing apoptosis. ... |
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| Rvh T4SS |
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Similar to the virB/virD system of A. tumefaciens. The T4SS of Rickettsiales is characterized by an expansion of the virB4 and virB6 gene families and an absence of virB5. In addition, species in the family Anaplasmataceae have an expansion of virB2 and are missing virB1. The presence of multiple copies of T4SS components may facilitate environment- or host cell-dependent delivery of effector molecules. ... |
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T7SS
(Type VII secretion system) |
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Type VII systems are present in both pathogenic and nonpathogenic species of Bacillus. In the model organism B. subtilis, the core functional components of an ESX secretion system are encoded by the yuk/yue locus that contains yukE, yukD, yukC, yukBA, yueB, and yueC. ... |
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| Trw type IV secretion system |
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The Trw system of Bartonella, probably acquired from horizontal gene transfer, shares an extensive homology with the Trw system of the Trw conjugation machinery of the broad-host-range antibiotic-resistance plasmid R388. The trw genes of Bartonella are collinear with the respective genes of plasmid R388, except for the presence of multiple tandem gene duplications of trwL and trwJIH in Bartonella. The trwL (the homologue of the pilin virB2) and trwJ (the homologues of the minor pilus-associated component virB5) sequences are highly variable within the same Bartonella species, as well as between different species. But the various copies of trwH and trwI are almost identical. A remarkable difference between Trw systems of plasmid R388 and of Bartonella is the lack of the T4CP-encoding trwB gene in Bartonella. ... |
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| VirB/VirD4 type IV secretion system |
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The VirB/VirD4 T4SS is well conserved within the genus Bartonella, although it is absent in B. bacilliformis. Its closest relative is a genuine conjugation system, the AvhB/TraG system of the cryptic plasmid pATC58 of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The Bartonella VirB/VirD4 system is encoded by an operon of 10 genes (virB2-virB11). Seven Bartonella-translocated effector proteins (BepA-BepG) and the coupling protein VirD4 are encoded within 22 kb downstream of the virB operon. The entire virB/virD4/bep region probably constitutes a pathogenicity island. ... |
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