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| Typhoid toxin |
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Classic cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) are three component AB toxins, composed of CdtA, CdtB and CdtC. CdtA and CdtC mediate target cell binding and membrane translocation of CdtB, which then induces DNA damage, most probably through its nuclease activity. In the case of S. typhi, however, genes encoding CdtA and CdtC are absent. CdtB from S. typhi is produced with the pertussis-like toxins PltA and PltB only inside the host cell and is then secreted from the infected Cell in a PltA/B-Dependent manner and acts then as a classical CDT from outside. Typhoid toxin seemed to have evolved from the combination of the activities of two exotoxin ancestors, CDT and pertussis toxins. ... |
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| Typhoid toxin |
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Classic cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) are three component AB toxins, composed of CdtA, CdtB and CdtC. CdtA and CdtC mediate target cell binding and membrane translocation of CdtB, which then induces DNA damage, most probably through its nuclease activity. In the case of S. typhi, however, genes encoding CdtA and CdtC are absent. CdtB from S. typhi is produced with the pertussis-like toxins PltA and PltB only inside the host cell and is then secreted from the infected Cell in a PltA/B-Dependent manner and acts then as a classical CDT from outside. Typhoid toxin seemed to have evolved from the combination of the activities of two exotoxin ancestors, CDT and pertussis toxins. ... |
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| Typhoid toxin |
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Classic cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) are three component AB toxins, composed of CdtA, CdtB and CdtC. CdtA and CdtC mediate target cell binding and membrane translocation of CdtB, which then induces DNA damage, most probably through its nuclease activity. In the case of S. typhi, however, genes encoding CdtA and CdtC are absent. CdtB from S. typhi is produced with the pertussis-like toxins PltA and PltB only inside the host cell and is then secreted from the infected Cell in a PltA/B-Dependent manner and acts then as a classical CDT from outside. Typhoid toxin seemed to have evolved from the combination of the activities of two exotoxin ancestors, CDT and pertussis toxins. ... |
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CT
(Cholera toxin) |
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Genes encoded for CT located on the CTXΦ lysogenic filamentous phage. CT is secreted by Eps (for extracellular protein secretion) system, a type II secretion system, very efficiently into the surrounding milieu. El Tor strain N16961 carries only a single copy of the cholera toxin prophage, other V. cholerae strains may carry several copies. Retrograde transport to the ER occurs mainly via a coat protein COPI-independent pathway. ... |
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MARTX
(Multifunctional autoprocessing RTX toxin) |
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MARTX toxins are large exotoxins of 350-560 kDa produced by many species of Vibrio. RTX toxin is not associated with the hemolytic or cytolytic activities typical of other RTX toxins. The V. cholerae RTX gene cluster show significant similarity to members of the RTX family, such as hemolysin of E. coli and Cya adenylate cyclase in B. pertussis. The RTX toxin encoding gene rtxA is located adjacent to the ctx genes. ... |
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MARTX
(Multifunctional autoprocessing RTX toxin) |
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MARTX toxins are large exotoxins of 350-560 kDa produced by many species of Vibrio. RTX toxin is not associated with the hemolytic or cytolytic activities typical of other RTX toxins. The V. cholerae RTX gene cluster show significant similarity to members of the RTX family, such as hemolysin of E. coli and Cya adenylate cyclase in B. pertussis. The RTX toxin encoding gene rtxA is located adjacent to the ctx genes. ... |
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MARTX
(Multifunctional autoprocessing RTX toxin) |
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MARTX toxins are large exotoxins of 350-560 kDa produced by many species of Vibrio. RTX toxin is not associated with the hemolytic or cytolytic activities typical of other RTX toxins. The V. cholerae RTX gene cluster show significant similarity to members of the RTX family, such as hemolysin of E. coli and Cya adenylate cyclase in B. pertussis. The RTX toxin encoding gene rtxA is located adjacent to the ctx genes. ... |
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Zot
(Zonula occludens toxin) |
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Increases the permeability of the small intestinal mucosa by affects the structure of the tight junctions that bind mucosal cells together and preserve the integrity of the mucosal membrane. Exhibits sequence homology to coat protein genes, very likely to be the coat proteins of CTXΦ. ... |
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Zot
(Zonula occludens toxin) |
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Increases the permeability of the small intestinal mucosa by affects the structure of the tight junctions that bind mucosal cells together and preserve the integrity of the mucosal membrane. Exhibits sequence homology to coat protein genes, very likely to be the coat proteins of CTXΦ. ... |
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CNFy
(Cytotoxic necrotizing factor) |
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Highly similar (>68%) to the CNF toxins found mainly in E. coli strains (CNF1-3). Though similar to CNF1, CNFy seems to bind to different cell receptors and preferentially deamidates RhoA. Enhances Yops translocation through activation of Rac. ... |
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