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RtxA
(Repeat in toxin) |
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A member of a protein family that is produced by a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae, V. vulnificus, V. anguillarum, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,etc. The rtx operon consists of six genes (rtxACHBDE) in which rtxA encodes an exotoxin, rtxC codes for an RtxA activator, rtxH encodes a conserved hypothetical protein and rtxBDE genes code for an ABC transporter. Important characteristics of this toxin include:. I) it requires post-translational modification, i.e., acylation to become biologically active. II) has a COOH-terminal calcium-binding domain with tandem glycine/aspartic acid-rich repeats. III) it has a high molecular mass of usually 100 to >400 kDa. IV) it is delivered to the extracellular milieu through the T1SS. ... |
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| Cereulide |
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Synthetized by a non-ribosomal peptide-synthetase (NRPS) called CesNRPS. The genes involved in the cereulide synthesis are located on a mega plasmid (270kb) known as pCER270, which is closely related to the plasmid pXO1 from B. anthracis that encodes the anthrax toxin. A small, highly heat- and acid-resistant depsipeptide toxin. ... |
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| Colibactin |
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Colibactins are hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptides produced by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Citrobacter koseri harboring the pks genomic island. ... |
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| Anthrax toxin |
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atxA, a pXO1 gene required for transcription of the three toxin genes, also positively regulated encapsulation. The expression of atxA gene is not controlled by CO2. ... |
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| Certhrax |
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The first example of a bacterial toxin adding a post-translational modification to disrupt vinculin function. ... |
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Cya
(Invasive Adenylate cyclase /haemolysin) |
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Originally identified as a hemolysin because it will lyse red blood cells. Secreted by type I pathway and secretion requires CyaB, D, E proteins. ... |
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Dnt
(Dermonecrotic toxin) |
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Homology to a family of toxins including the cytotoxic necrotising factor (CNF) of E.coli, botulinum C3 toxin and Pasteurella multocida toxin. ... |
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Ptx
(Pertussis toxin) |
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Only B. pertussis producs Ptx in vitro, ptx-ptl loci is present in B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica but these genes may be tightly regulated and therefore are expressed only in vivo, while the recent mutations in the promoter region increased the transcription of the gene in B. pertusis. Secreted by type IV secretion system: Ptl. ... |
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CDT
(Cytolethal distending toxin) |
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The subunits CdtA and CdtC associate with the nuclease CdtB to form a ternary complex that translocates CdtB into the host cell, where it acts as a genotoxin by creating DNA lesions. ... |
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| alpha-toxin (novyi) |
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Belongs to the family of large clostridial cytotoxins which act on cells through the modification of small GTP-binding proteins. The family includes toxin A and B from C. difficile, the hemorrhagic and lethal toxin from C. sordellii, and the α-toxin from C. novyi. Unlike C. difficile toxins A and B and the variant toxin B recruit the nucleotide sugar UDP-glucose as cosubstrate, α-toxin uses UDP-GlcNAc as a cosubstrate. α-Toxin also utilizes UDP-glucose, but the Km is about 340 uM compared to 17 uM for UDP-glucNAc. ... |
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