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| Pyocyanin |
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One of the secreted pigments that give P.aeruginosa laboratory cultures their characteristic blue-green color. It is a redox-cycling compound consisting of modified phenazine ring that is derived from anthrinilate. The precursor molecule of pyocyanin is chorismic acid, the end product on the shikimate pathway. The conversion of chorismic acid to phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is controlled by seven genes, encoded by two operons (phzA1B1C1D1E1F1G1 and phzA2B2C2D2E2F2G2). PCA is converted to 5-methylphenazine-1-carboxylic acid betaine (MPCBA), by means of a phenazine-specific methyltransferase (PhzM). In the second step, MPCBA is catalysed by flavin-dependent monooxygenase (PhzS), involving the hydroxylation of the MPCBA betaine to 1-hydroxy-5-methyl phenazine, i.e., pyocyanin. ... |
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| AcrAB |
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May mediate resistance against host-derived antimicrobial peptides. Associated with antibiotic resistance. ... |
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FarAB
(Fatty acid resistance system) |
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The far efflux system is composed of the FarA membrane fusion protein, the FarB cytoplasmic membrane transporter protein, and the MtrE protein as the outer membrane channel to export antibacterial fatty acids from inside the cell. Belongs to Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of efflux pumps and uses the proton motive force as an energy source for export of toxic agents. ... |
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MtrCDE
(Multiple transferable resistance system) |
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Resistance/nodulation/division (RND)-type efflux pump. Regulated by two transcriptional regulators: a repressor MtrR and an activator MtrA. ... |
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Mig-14
(Macrophage-inducible gene-14) |
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mig-14 expression is induced within macrophages and is under the control of the global regulator PhoP. ... |
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Mig-5
(Macrophage-inducible gene-5) |
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mig-5 was found to be expressed by Salmonella when ingested by macrophages. mig-5 codes for the carbonic anhydrase which catalyses the hydratation of carbon dioxide and formation of HCO3-. The biological meaning of this reaction in intracellularilly residing of Salmonella is, however, not known. ... |
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SIC
(Streptococcal inhibitor of complement-mediated lysis) |
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A hypervariable extracellular protein, with the amount of polymorphism far exceeding that present in any bacterial protein except those directly associated with antibiotic resistance. This variation may arise from pressure from the immune system that makes it expedient for the bacteria to change their surface antigens. ... |
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| AcrAB |
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May mediate resistance against host-derived antimicrobial peptides. Associated with antibiotic resistance. ... |
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| AcrAB |
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May mediate resistance against host-derived antimicrobial peptides. Associated with antibiotic resistance. ... |
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| AcrAB |
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May mediate resistance against host-derived antimicrobial peptides. Associated with antibiotic resistance. ... |
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