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Identified virulence factors of Francisella: Adherence
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EF-Tu
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Related genes: tufA;
Keywords: Adherence;
Functions:
 Surface-expressed elongation factor-Tu (EF-Tu) mediates attachment by interacting with host cell nucleolin.
References:
 Barel M, et al., 2008. A novel receptor - ligand pathway for entry of Francisella tularensis in monocyte-like THP-1 cells: interaction between surface nucleolin and bacterial elongation factor Tu. BMC Microbiol 8:145.
Barel M, et al., 2014. Detection of the interaction between host and bacterial proteins: eukaryotic nucleolin interacts with Francisella elongation factor Tu. Methods Mol Biol 1197:123-39.
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FsaP
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Related genes: fsaP;
Keywords: Adherence;
Characteristics:
FsaP has some similarity to FimV from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is involved in assembly of Type IV secretin, and it also contains a conserved LysM domain, which in other proteins has been shown to bind peptidoglycan.
Functions:
Contributes to host cell attachment.
References:
Melillo A, et al., 2006. Identification of a Francisella tularensis LVS outer membrane protein that confers adherence to A549 human lung cells. FEMS Microbiol Lett 263(1):102-8.
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Type IV pili
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Related genes: FTT_0905;
fimT/pilW;
pilA;
pilB;
pilC;
pilD;
pilE;
pilE4;
pilE5;
pilF;
pilN;
pilO;
pilP;
pilQ;
pilT;
pilV;
Keywords: Adherence;
Characteristics:
The genomes of the different F. tularensis subspecies.
tularensis (type A), holarctica (type B), and novicida, all encode Tfp clusters including six putative pilin genes.
Functions:
Type IV pili subunits (pilF and pilT) contributes to adhesion of bacteria to macrophages, pneumocytes and hepatocytes.
PilE4 and ICAM-1 interaction contributes to adhesion of bacteria to the endothelial cells.
References:
Forslund AL, et al., 2006. Direct repeat-mediated deletion of a type IV pilin gene results in major virulence attenuation of Francisella tularensis. Mol Microbiol 59(6):1818-30.
Chakraborty S, et al., 2008. Type IV pili in Francisella tularensis: roles of pilF and pilT in fiber assembly, host cell adherence, and virulence. Infect Immun 76(7):2852-61.
Forslund AL, et al., 2010. The type IV pilin, PilA, is required for full virulence of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis. BMC Microbiol 10:227.
Bencurova E, et al., 2015. Deciphering the protein interaction in adhesion of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica to the endothelial cells. Microb Pathog 81:6-15.
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INTERFACE
Bacteria
